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Also in Marlborough there is a feral flock on Arapawa Island in the outer Sounds. Guthrie-Smith, H. 1953: Tutira – the story of a New Zealand sheep station. At present there are two distinct flocks of feral sheep - one in the north-eastern Ruahines and the other on the Mohaka River. Today, there appear to be only two flocks of any significance left - one in the Wairau and the other in the Clarence. Little appears to be known of these animals but it seems that there are about 1000, that are of merino origin, and that the flock is about 50-60 years old. Trophy hunting for feral rams can occur at any time of the year. W I L D E N Z ‐ Wild New Zealand – A paradise for sheep. As many properties were very large or very rough it was inevitable that some sheep should be left behind to form wild or feral flocks. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. DOC permit required. Omahaki has just had preliminary field observations, and wool, skin and blood sampling. I believe MAF is shortly looking at Hokonui sheep. DSIR, MAF and University staff have all been involved in the Campbell Island research which has covered such diverse topics as ecology, population dynamics, health and parasitism, fleece and wool, physiological adaptations, etc. In 1894 a grazing lease was taken up and in the following year sheep were landed on the island. As recently as fifteen years ago feral sheep were known from six different Ruahine catchments (Cunningham 1962) but they have now been reduced to this one area in the northeast. Local opinion is that they have their origins in the 1880s and that they contain a larger proportion of pure merino than the Wairau group. A. E., Bell, B. D. 1973: Offshore and outlying islands. The local farmers consider them cause for concern so the implication is that there is interference with domestic stock, with possible cross-breeding, and perhaps competition for grass. By the 1840s when the period of colonisation had really begun, introductions of sheep from Australia had become commonplace. By 1880 there were over 13 million sheep in New Zealand which were still predominantly merino, but by 1890, merinos had dropped to 34% of the estimated 17.5 million sheep in the country (Stevens 1966). 1950: Introduced Mammals of New Zealand – An ecological and economic survey. Outside breeding season rams may form groups. Hakluyt Society: Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Breathable in summer, insulating in winter. This central part of the South Island is where the big open range farms are located. Areas occupied usually contain rough pasture and shelter in the form of broken scrub or forest. No wonder that this country is sometimes called the biggest farm on the globe. They were then imported to Africa and Europe via … The maximum population of about 8500 occurred in 1916 but by 1931 numbers had halved. The first of these, referred to as the Omahaki flock, occurs around the confluence of the Ngaruroro and Taruarau Rivers in the Eastern Ruahine State Forest and on Big Hill and Omahaki stations. All in all there appear to be less than 1000 sheep spread over an area greater than 30 000 ha. They were mustered only for shearing or tailing. Arapawa Island sheep have also been studied with respect to ecology, population, behaviour, health, fleece and wool, and blood chemistry. In 1855 there were .75 million, in 1861 2.8 million, in 1864 4.9 million and in 1867 8.4 million. New Zealand; Scenic Highlights; Ski Areas & Heli-Ski Sites; Touring Guide; Freshwater Fisheries; Forest Parks; Great Walks Dept Scientific and Industrial Research, Information Series No 45. When hunting rams for trophy horns, use patience and watch a mob for a while to identify the best trophy. Soon more animals from Great Britain and Australia joined. They would constitute the last part of the much larger feral flock that probably had its beginning in the merino sheep that were grazed on the open tops of the Ruahines last century. The Campbell Island flock is the only one that is known for certain to contain anything other than merino blood. By the l880s "wild" sheep had become common in the mountainous districts of the South Island (Thomson 1922), in Hawkes Bay (Guthrie-Smith 1953), and doubtless elsewhere in the country. The first introduction must be credited to Cook in 1773, but the pair he landed in Queen Charlotte Sound are known to have died (Beagleho1e 1961). New Zealand Government Printer, Wellington. An Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Virgin wool is a natural product and may only be called so if it is shorn from a living sheep. Young = lamb. There are 15 breeds of wild sheep in New Zealand according to Roger Beattie. Apart from sporadic recreational shooting there has been no control. When disturbed feral sheep run for cover, whereas domestic sheep tend to run into the open. Bell, B. D., Taylor, R. H. 1970: The wild sheep of Campbell Island. Blackwood and Son, London. They are believed to stem from an introduction of 400 Saxon merinos from Tasmania in 1858 but this has not been substantiated. Soon more animals from Great Britain and Australia joined. Woolly sheep began to be developed around 6000 BCE. Feral sheep were reported from the Chathams in 1900, Kapiti in 1919, and in 1922 were said to be "still abundant in the wilder parts of the country... especially... Marlborough" (Thomson 1922). Examples are mohaka, Steward Island and Campbell Island wild sheep, and arapara and Clarence Bridge. Thomson, G. M. 1922: The Naturalisation of Animals and Plants in New Zealand. Use rifle calibre with good hitting energy e.g. The island was farmed until 1931 when the remaining flock was abandoned to run wild. Feral sheep on Arapawa Island (Photo by Betty Rowe) New Zealand has no native wild land mammals but with the advent of European settlement a steady stream of animals was introduced, starting with Cook's visits in the 1770s and continuing until this day. Feral sheep are medium sized animals often covered in thick woollen fleece. Nowadays flocks of feral sheep with clearly self-maintaining populations exist at about a dozen places on the mainland from Hawkes Bay to Southland, and on the out-lying islands of Campbell and Chatham. The history of the sheep farming in New Zealand goes back a long way. Official shooting, aimed at reducing the browsing pressure on unstable country, reveals tallies which have dropped in the last decade from 300/annum to about 40/annum at present (A. N. Gilmore, in litt. Saxon merinos are known to have been taken to South East Island in 1841 by Baron von Alsdorf of the Hutt Valley (Engst manuscripts, Canterbury Museum Library), and their progeny were moved on to Pitt Island a few years later. Find out about feral sheep, get tips for hunting feral sheep, and find out where to hunt them. Certainly in this area the change from merinos to longwools was virtually complete by 1900 so this presumably provides an indication of age. Beaglehole, J. C. 1961: The Journals of Capt James Cook: Vol 2 The Voyage of the Resolution and Adventure, 1772-1775. With the establishment of a pastoral industry the sheep numbers rose rapidly by breeding and massive introductions from Australia. The numbers and range have apparently remained constant over the last 60 years and the available evidence suggests the flock had its origins about 100 years ago. .243 minimum. Forty years later, in 1814, Samuel Marsden brought sheep from Sydney to the Bay of Islands (Miller 1950). Apparently nothing is known of the flocks which are now extinct. Males up to 780 mm at shoulder height and weighing as much as 66 kg, females about 700 mm shoulder height and 40-60 kg. In the early 18th century the first sheep arrived with British settlers. Social behaviour: Feral sheep are grazers feeding throughout the day on pasture and herbaceous plants. When sheep are encountered take time to check for other sheep not initially seen and if stalking a ram be careful of avoiding other sheep. They are resilient, agile and graceful, with a natural ability to survive. Social behaviour: Feral sheep are grazers feeding throughout the day on pasture and herbaceous plants. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture 80 : 133-144. Twins are rare in wild populations. Birthing: Any time but mostly July to September. All the truly feral sheep seem to be of merino origin or contain a high proportion of merino blood. 6.VI. This flock, numbering about 120, occupies an area of 700 ha of forest and scrub on the seaward slopes of the island. Waianakarua River Valley: Hunting available in Waianakarua Scenic Reserve, coastal Otago north of Catlins. Sheep have been an essential part of New Zealand agriculture from the very earliest times of pakeha settlement. Chatham and Pitt Islands. Feral sheep have horns that continue to grow - they are not shed annually like antlers of deer. Colour: As with size, colour varies with the population breed and can be white, dark brown to black or parti-coloured. Females and their young stay together as a pair while males in the non-breeding season may form small groups.

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