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It was only after several days of this, as well as the promise of gifts, that the host was allowed to ask the guest’s name; this was ultimately to ensure that hospitality was not based on self-interest. This bound much of Ancient Greece together in peaceful relationships and was integral to a burgeoning merchant class. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. In book XII, two Trojan warriors arising to the front line in battle are compared to “oaks that rear their crests on a mountain ridge, / standing up to the gales and driving rains, day, The Power in a name- The Iliad Books XI-XIII Analysis 123Helpme.com. There were a number of steps to receiving a guest and the process was highly ritualised. The host would receive the guest and from then on a reciprocal relationship existed between them where each could count on shelter and even the receipt of gifts from the other. This paper will conduct textual analysis of each classic piece. This was called Theoxenia, and was a regular theme in mythological stories. Such friendships often sprang up between travelers and their hosts—hence the name. The reason you had to be courteous to all guests, even the lowliest, was that you could never guarantee they weren’t a god in disguise. ); Diomedes won’t fight gods (129), Diomedes asks Glaucus of his lineage, claiming that he does not fight gods. (his idea of honor isn’t the same as Zeus’), Yes, Achilles’ honor includes death of Patroclus (485ff. This study defines the concept of “prime mover” as the, October 2014 “I invite you who are sceptered princes to my palace to entertain our visitor indoors. Looking deeper into their respective works, Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War, Homer’s Iliad and Aristophanes’ Lysistrata all show a common theme in ancient Greek life –life in the context of war. Glory elevates honor, meaning that same actions that help one obtain glory can also yield honor to the person, or the person’s family. Paris’ transgression against xenia is what initially agitated Menelaus’. In the next generation, Culture Analysis Paper 3: Virgil The Trojan War was incited by Paris’ theft of Menelaus’ wife. ( Log Out /  Homer’s works, The Odyssey and The Iliad, and Virgil’s The Aeneid are just a few of the most famous literary works that pertain to that particular story. To start off the analysis of the two characters, I’d like to begin, historical times, war was viewed as glorious, especially during the medieval era, as depicted in countless novels and narratives with which fighters were portrayed as heroic and brave. Even though Diomedes and Glaucus are two generations removed from when the host-to-guest interaction occurred, xenia carries so much weight that even many years down the line, they both still respect it enough to stop in the. The events of every story, however, rely heavily on the actions of the main, Menelaus of how he takes care of the palace. During battles, especially when warriors are gaining immense glory, many similes about plants and natural forces appear. Diomedes’ offer to host Glaucus “if ever you [Glaucus] come to Argos”, as well as Glaucus’ implied agreement to host Diomedes, shows that they are not now simply aware of the other’s lineage, but instead have a deep friendship inspired by nothing more than the virtue of the xenia of times past. To mark the friendship, they even trade armour on the battlefield (though through some divine trickery, Glaucus gets fleeced and trades solid gold armour worth a whopping 100 oxen for Diomedes’ frankly much less garish bronze armour, worth a paltry 9 oxen – yes that’s a legitimate currency). The Odyssey – a poem obsessed with the uses and misuses of Xenia – features the interesting example of a host overindulging her guest. Upon revealing it, Diomedes realizes that their fathers had practiced xenia with each other, they are guest-friends. A name carries the glory and honor of the bearer in a record that extends beyond the life of the individual. Win Kleos – Helicon Storytelling. Glaucus’ response: Men mean nothing, what difference does it make? He also shared Telemachus that he lost a lot of friends during the Trojan war. Looking for a quick reprieve from all the slicing and dicing, the two strike up a conversation and realise their grandfathers were guest-friends. Glaucus speaks out at the Trojan war council. As ever, keep an eye on the blog for more cool Classics facts and memes (that’s right, we know what you really want). – What does this war really mean. Basically, it was a form of ritual friendship between members of different clans or social groups. But transgressing Xenia isn’t just about hosts turning away guests or guests killing hosts in the Ancient World; you really can have too much of a good thing! This is not the only example of the heroes placing xenia over monetary wealth. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Oeneus chose to entertain Bellerophon in his halls for twenty days, for no other reason than that Bellerophon was a foreigner in his land, a guest. “For who would fight his host? He was deeply sudden with all these discoveries and realizes that it is better to stay home with his family and with his people by living honorably in Sparta. For a limited time, find answers and explanations to over 1.2 million textbook exercises for FREE! The word “ties” implies more than just a slight connection between the two warriors, and the action of both of these men solidifies that idea. Diomedes stops his bloodthirsty frenzy because of his respect for xenia and the fact that Glaucus had an ancestor who had once upon a time been Diomedes’ ancestor’s guest. There’s a perfect example in the Iliad where the Greek hero Diomedes (famously the best of the Achaeans – sit down, Achilles) stumbles upon a Lycian (an ally of the Trojans) by the name of Glaucus in the melee. Learn more about The Odyssey and The Aeneid with Course Hero's Of course, these epics contain other stories besides the tale of the Trojan War as well. Menelaus, Xenia, The Greek Concept Of Hospitality In Homer's Iliad, Xenia, the ancient Greek concept of hospitality, was one of the foremost forces in Homer’s Iliad. That about rounds up this whistle-stop explanation of Xenia. At the end of Diomedes’ speech to Glaucus about friendship, Diomedes is on his aristea and devastating the Trojan ranks when he notices a man, Glaucus, Hippolochus’ son.

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