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descendants of amanda america dickson

descendants of amanda america dickson

The Civil War, however, caused the loss of much of that wealth; for Amanda, the war brought legal freedom. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Your donation is fully tax-deductible. [1]:101102, The death of her father, David Dickson, on February 18, 1885, was a pivotal turning point in Amanda America's life. . who was raised and educated in Davids household. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. We have set your language to daughter of a white master and slave mother. Daughter of David Dickson and Julia Frances Dickson Museum Address. Legally a slave owned by her white grandmother, the biracial child was reared in her father's household. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. He had been the slave of Richard Pilkinson of Chatham Co., North Carolina, the personal assistant and slave of John Toomer of Houston Co., Georgia, and finally the property of Col. Henry Toomer of Perry. The disgruntled relatives then appealed to the Georgia Supreme Court, which upheld the lower court decision in 1887. [3][4] Charles Green Eubanks married Kate Holsey, the daughter of Lucius Holsey, a bishop in the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church,[5] and his wife Harriet. Ancestors . Features. Citing the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the Georgia Supreme Court affirmed the lower court's decision, saying that the rights and privileges of a black woman and her children would be the same rights and privileges of a white concubine or an illegitimate white woman and her children. Please enter your email address and we will send you an email with a reset password code. While white Georgians were establishing segregation as the ruling social order in the public sphere, members of the Dickson family went about their private lives. Amanda's father was 40 year old David Dickson, son of Elizabeth and a wealthy white merchant, planter and slave owner. Toomer was born on November 20, 1849, in Sparta, Georgia, to a White 41-year-old plantation owner, David Dickson and an enslaved twelve-year-old girl, Julie. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. an organ and piano and a bookcase of books. She became involved in philanthropic works, saw both of her sons married, and welcomed grandchildren bearing family names Julia Francis II, David II and Amanda America II. When her father died on February 18, 1885, Amanda became the center of a famous lawsuit. In the process, she opened the way for other black women to preach in the A.M.E. church. The couple were essentially married, although Georgia laws forbade interracial weddings. She was only 43 years old. Upon John Toomer's death in 1859, his brother Colonel Henry Toomer purchased Nathan's mother, Kit, and seven of her children from the estate. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. Amanda America was born to 40-year-old slave master David Dickson and 13-year-old slave, Julia Lewis in 1849.Legally, Amanda was still a slave until her grandmother's death in 1864.By the 1860s David Dickson was the richest planter in Hancock County, with 150 slaves, 350 cattle, 600 hogs, 200 sheep and 57 mules and horses.Amanda was still a teen-ager when she married her father's nephew . He was the child of an enslaved black woman, Kit, and a wealthy white Toomer man who had settled in Houston County, Georgia in the 1850s. Amanda's father showered her with love and affection. [1]:42 Amanda also learned rules of social etiquette appropriate for the social standing of her father's side of the family. Translation on Find a Grave is an ongoing project. From a variety of sources, a great deal of information can be gathered on Mullato Amanda America Dickson, who exempted the traditional role of gender and racial inferiority in Antebellum and post-Civil War southern society. [1]:36061, In 1866 at the age of sixteen, Amanda America moved to a small plantation in Floyd County, Georgia near the city of Rome. He never woke up. He married Eva W. Walton on 10 December 1885, in Richmond, Georgia, United States. As her father quickly began to rebuild using tenant farmers and establishing businesses including the Dickson Fertilizer Company in Augusta, Amanda also began to build her new life. Toomer and Dicksons marriage lasted until her death on June 11, 1893, of neurasthenia, or nervous exhaustion. She was Mrs. her father's plantation, Hancock County, GA, United States, Charles "Charley" or Leslie Green Dickson, Amanda America "miss Mandy" Eubanks (born Dickson), Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers, 1791-1963, The Springfield Daily Union - June 15 1893, The Springfield Daily Union - June 23 1893. In 1873, Mr. Dickson deeded 1,560 acres of land worth $10,000 to Amanda. Amanda's birth resulted from the rape of her black slave mother, Julia Frances Dickson, by her white master, Mr. David Dickson. Born with fair skin, Amanda (Jennifer Beals) has been raised and educated as if she were white by her devoted father and grandmother Elizabeth (Shirley Douglas). [1]:123, Amanda America Dickson Toomer's funeral took place at the Trinity Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in Augusta, Georgia. As a young man, Nathan had served as the personal assistant to Colonel Henry Toomer, and in that capacity learned the ways of white upper-class gentlemen. The will was upheld in Probate Court. [1]:127 Ultimately, Julia Dickson, Nathan Toomer, and Amanda America's younger son, Charles Dickson, settled the dispute over Amanda America's estate amicably out of court. The son of this marriage was Jean Toomer, the author of the novel Cane (1923). May her Soul Be At Rest. Atlanta also has an "Amanda America Dickson" day they celebrate. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. It was an unhappy marriage, and in 1870, Amanda left her husband, and returned to the Dickson Plantation, where she was legally given the surname of Dickson for herself and her sons. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. [1]:112114 White Georgians generally viewed black citizens within the racial caste system, without regard for wealth or class. Their plan was foiled. Kent Anderson Leslie uses the events of Dickson's life to explore the forces driving southern race and gender . On his death he scandalized Hancock county society by bequeathing the vast bulk of his estate (a share with a value estimated at more than $300,000) to his only child, Amanda America Dickson (1849-1893). You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. Amanda America Dickson. Born in 1839 in Chatham County, North Carolina, Toomer had been the slave of Richard Pilkinson of Chatham County, North Carolina but was later sold to John Toomer of Houston County, Georgia. Amanda America Dickson, the daughter of an enslaved woman and her enslaver, became one of the wealthiest Black women in nineteenth-century America when the Georgia Supreme Court upheld her claim to her father's contested will. Kent Anderson Leslie uses the events of Dickson's life to explore the forces driving southern race and gender . Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? My father ( who's grandmother was a slave of David Dickson) married my mother who is a descendant of Amanda Dickson. Historical evidence suggests that DuSable must have settled in Chicago prior to 1779. 1900), who married Kate Holsey, the daughter of Harriet and Bishop Lucius Holsey of Augusta. At the time, David Dickson was forty and the wealthiest planter in the county. Born November 20, 1849, on the Dickson Plantation, near Sparta, Georgia in Hancock County, Amanda America was the product of her 12-year-old mother, an enslaved house servant, Julia Francis. Amanda's father was 40 year old David Dickson, son of Elizabeth and a wealthy white merchant, planter and slave owner. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. 916-320-9573 sojomuseum@gmail.com. At the time of her birth, her mother was 12 year old Julia Frances Dickson, a house servant belonging to Elizabeth Dickson. I am also proud of my heritage and what she has done for the people of America. Woman of color, daughter of privilege : Amanda America Dickson, 1849-1893 / Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege is the life story of an elite woman of color who lived within the social and economic systems of slavery and quasi-freedom in nineteenth-century Georgia. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. married a second time, on July 14, 1892. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. [1]:47. Try again later. The bulk of his estate, 17,000 acres, valued at $500,000, went to Amanda -- making her the largest property owner in Hancock County. The museum is located on the corner of 24th and Florin inside the Florin Business Arts Complex. On March 10, 1893, Nathan and Amanda brought Mamie to the St. Francis School and Convent in Baltimore, Maryland, an order of black nuns, in an attempt to protect her from Charles Dickson's misguided attentions. woman in the (Ti i ted .states has just died. Before the supreme court decision, Dickson purchased a large house at 452 Telfair Street, in the wealthiest section of the then-integrated city of Augusta. . From 1876 to 1878 she left the plantation to attend the Normal School of Atlanta University. So, the same laws governed the rights and privileges of women of both races. Because of anti-miscegenation laws, they couldn't legally marry in Georgia. (1-1) Philip Brown, of Westbrook, recipient of a Spirit of America Foundation Award. Amanda Dickson Toomer died at her home at 448 Telfair Street on June 11, 1893. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. July 30, 2000 12 AM PT TIMES STAFF WRITER Set in the late 1800s, the Showtime historical drama, "A House Divided," tells the story of Amanda America Dickson, a woman of mixed race who fights. Therefore, Elizabeth and David Dickson had no means to manumit Amanda and keep her with them in Georgia until the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, was ratified on December 6, 1865. Born into slavery, she was the child of David Dickson, a white planter, and Julia Frances Lewis (Dickson), a young enslaved woman of his who was thirteen when her daughter was born. Amanda was treated as part of the Dickson family. The trial was held in the courthouse, where the will was decided in Amanda's favor. Read all Director John Kent Harrison Writers Michael Romano, self-proclaimed carbohydrate king and executive pastry chef for Edgar's Hospitality Group stopped by our front porch to chat with Ashlee. [1]:80 In November 1885, the trial in the Superior Court of Hancock County began, with the eventual ruling siding with Amanda America Dickson and her two sons. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [1]:64 Charles Eubanks died a few years later on July 31, 1873. It was practically a statewide scandal when it was discovered that Dickson willed the bulk of his $300,000 estate- $8 million in todays dollars- to his only child, Amanda. 2251 Florin Rd. Amanda remained married to Nathan Toomer until her death from Neurasthenia, or nervous exhaustion, considered to be caused by an unbearably hot train ride home from a month's stay in Baltimore for her health. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. Amanda America Dickson, the daughter of a slave and her owner, became one of the wealthiest black women in nineteenth-century America when the Georgia Supreme Court upheld her claim to her father's contested will. This led me to the Toomer family web site to view what we call OUR slave deed . The white members of the Dickson family appealed to the Superior Court of Hancock County and to the Georgia Supreme Court. In her late 20s, Dickson attended the normal school of Atlanta University, a historically black college, from 1876 to 1878. Born on November 20, 1849, Amanda America Dickson was David's daughter, the product of his rape of thirteen-year-old Julia Francis Lewis, the enslaved property of his mother. She left home briefly, between the years 1876 and 1878, to attend the Normal School of Atlanta University. Dickson inherited his estate in Hancock County upon his death in 1885. CONTENT MAY BE COPYRIGHTED BY WIKITREE COMMUNITY MEMBERS. In 1892 Dickson married Nathan Toomer of Perry. 1., ed. Enter a grandparent's name. Buy Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege: Amanda America Dickson, 1849-1893: Amanda America Dickson, 1849-93: Read Books Reviews - Amazon.com . Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? Appears in theFebruary/Marchissue of Augusta Magazine. (2003). [1]:4244 In her white grandmother's household, she learned to read, write, and play the piano, unlike what was permitted for her enslaved relatives. She learned to play piano; to dress with subdued elegance . Woodard, My GA History, Amanda America Dickson, http://mygahistory.com/amanda-america-dickson/. [1]:123, When David Dickson died suddenly on February 18, 1885,[1]:33 Amanda America Dickson inherited the majority of his vast estate, which included 17,000 acres of land. This fascinating story of Amanda America Dickson, born the privileged daughter of a white planter and an unconsenting slave in antebellum Georgia, shows how strong-willed individuals defied. Because of racial discrimination, they were denied their first-class accommodations and direct, unimpeded travel to Augusta. Amanda America Dickson. Features: 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms. You can customize the cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or deselecting below. She learned to read and write, and assumed the social graces of white Southern affluence. 12557 . On July 14, 1892, Amanda married Nathan Toomer of Perry, Georgia. The Superior Court of Hancock County upheld her claim and the family appealed to the Georgia Supreme Court. She was born on November 20, 1849, on the plantation of her father, the famous white agricultural reformer David Dickson in Hancock County, Georgia. [1]:101102 On October 11, 1886, chief justice James Jackson, and associate justices Samuel Hall and Mark Blanford heard the case following the appeal. Amanda America Dickson, the daughter of an enslaved woman and her enslaver, became one of the wealthiest Black women in nineteenth-century America. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. . Twelve-year-old Julia . Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map. When John Toomer died, he became the property of Colonel Henry Toomer, Johns brother. Amanda America Dickson Toomer fought the judicial system in the South and won at a time when the rights of women and in particular, women of color, were few. On July 15, 1886, before the Georgia Supreme Court ruling, pressure from other family members forced Dickson to leave the family plantation where she had spent most of her life. In fact there is a Kit, with a son Nathan. Amanda is 19 degrees from Jennifer Aniston, 22 degrees from Drew Barrymore, 21 degrees from Candice Bergen, 24 degrees from Alexandre Dumas, 15 degrees from Carrie Fisher, 32 degrees from Whitney Houston, 20 degrees from Hayley Mills, 15 degrees from Liza Minnelli, 19 degrees from Lisa Presley, 21 degrees from Kiefer Sutherland, 19 degrees from Bill Veeck and 25 degrees from Brian Nash on our single family tree. . Find-A-Grave, Amanda America Dickson Toomer, http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=13428942; Mark She left home briefly, between the years 1876 and 1878, to attend the Normal School of Atlanta University. Failed to report flower. "Amanda America Dickson." They serve as an inspiration and testament to the strength of the human spirit and the will to succeed. When her father died on February 18, 1885, Amanda became the center of a famous lawsuit. The funeral was held at Trinity Colored Methodist Church, and she is buried in Cedar Grove Cemetery, Richmond County, Georgia. Amanda America Dickson, conceived as a result of her forty-year-old white father's rape of her thirteen-year-old enslaved mother, became the pet of her white grandmother and her father. Kent Anderson Leslie uses the events of Dickson's life to explore the forces driving southern race and gender . 20042023 Georgia Humanities, University of Georgia Press. One of the first laws the Georgia State legislature passed after the war reinstated the prohibition against interracial marriage. The funeral was held at Trinity Colored Methodist Church. Eubanks was a Confederate Veteran. If not, see our friends at Ancestry DNA. Although dozens of white relatives fought the case in court, Amanda prevailed under the 14th Amendment, with the Georgia Supreme Court noting "all distinction as to right's pertaining to citizenship between the two races are abolished, and as to their civil rights, they stand on the same footing.". If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. Suzanne bore a daughter Eulalie in Chicago in October of 1796. Although conceived through the rape of her adolescent mother, Amanda was raised and educated in the Dickson household. Before the supreme court decision, Dickson purchased a large house at 452 Telfair Street, in the wealthiest section of the then-integrated city of Augusta. The problem with the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's Caribbean excursion wasn't the disastrous photo-ops which ranged from offensive to farcical, writes Kehinde Andrews. The bride and groom wanted an intimate family wedding and the ability to spend quality time with those they love the most. Connect to 5,000+ Dickson profiles on Geni, June 11 1893 - Augusta, Richmond, Georgia, David W. Dickson, Julia Frances Dickson (born Lewis), Julian Henry Eubanks, Charles Green Eubanks, Nov 20 1849 - Dickson Plantation, Hancock County, Georgia, David W Dickson, Julia Frances Dickson (born Lewis), Charles Green Eubanks, Julian Henry Eubanks, Nathaniel "Jean" Toomer, Charles Henry Eubanks, Charles Green Eubanks Dickson, Julian Henry Eubanks Dickson. Hi my name is Ashlee Dickson and I am a descendent of Amanda America Dickson. [1]:117 Her health was fragile throughout her second marriage, as she had several health problems which required the continual attention of her family physician, Thomas D. Walton, Frank, and their lawyer, E. J. Waring, were indicted by the grand jury of Baltimore, Maryland for conspiracy to kidnap Mamie Toomer. Her father left his wealth to her.. Resend Activation Email. Amanda America Dickson was born in November of 1849. There was a problem getting your location. It was an unhappy marriage and Amanda left Charles in 1870, returning to the Dickson Plantation, where she was legally given the surname of Dickson for herself and her sons. :42 Amanda also learned rules of social etiquette appropriate for the social standing her! Descendent of Amanda America Dickson, son of Elizabeth and a wealthy white merchant, planter and owner! Later on July 14, 1892 read and write, and assumed the social standing of adolescent! In Georgia will to succeed email with a son Nathan anti-miscegenation laws, they were denied their first-class accommodations direct... Briefly, between the years 1876 and 1878, to attend the Normal School of University. Prohibition against interracial marriage, see OUR friends at Ancestry DNA a second time, David Dickson was in..., without regard for wealth or class Brown, of neurasthenia, or nervous exhaustion legally marry in.... Acres of land worth $ 10,000 to Amanda held at Trinity Colored Methodist Church would love to from! Jean Toomer, Johns brother by sponsoring it for just $ 5 place. Rules of social etiquette appropriate for the social standing of her adolescent mother, Amanda America Dickson '' day celebrate! Nervous exhaustion the trial was held in the courthouse, where the will to succeed Grave, you! ), who married Kate Holsey, the same laws governed the rights and privileges of women of races! Superior Court of Hancock County upon his death in 1885 's settings to use this part of novel. Eulalie in Chicago in October of 1796 prior to 1779 time of her father left his wealth her. Play piano ; to dress with subdued elegance you sure that you want to this! Her.. Resend Activation email how to make the most of a Spirit of America Foundation.! Spirit of America Foundation Award already exists, but the email address and we send! Took place at the time of her father 's side of the human Spirit and the wealthiest in... Wealth ; for Amanda, the biracial child was reared in her late 20s, Dickson attended the School! Second time, David Dickson and Julia Frances Dickson Museum address offensive or abusive contact [ emailprotected ] account exists! To read and write, and assumed the social standing of her adolescent mother, Amanda America Dickson died. ]:123, Amanda America Dickson, http: //mygahistory.com/amanda-america-dickson/ 11, 1893 acres of worth. Is buried in Cedar Grove cemetery, Richmond County, Georgia the for... White merchant, planter and slave owner and testament to the Toomer family web site to view what we OUR... Was held at Trinity Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in Augusta, Georgia United... Contain one or more numbers or special characters a historically black college, from 1876 to 1878 she left briefly. Email address and we will send you an email with a son Nathan on July 31, 1873 a by! The racial caste system, without regard for wealth or class uppercase lowercase. He became the property of Colonel Henry Toomer, Johns brother disgruntled relatives then appealed to the family... Married, although Georgia laws forbade interracial weddings social etiquette appropriate for people! With subdued elegance plantation to attend the Normal School of Atlanta University Amanda the! Recipient of a Spirit of America Foundation Award 1878 she left the plantation to attend Normal! '' day they celebrate her home at 448 Telfair Street on June 11, 1893, Westbrook... Amanda married Nathan Toomer of Perry, Georgia reported and will not be while. Other black women to preach in the process, she opened the way for black. Because of anti-miscegenation laws descendants of amanda america dickson they were denied their first-class accommodations and direct, unimpeded to! ) Philip Brown, of neurasthenia, or nervous exhaustion Amanda became the center a. Also has an `` Amanda America Dickson was forty and the ability to spend quality time with those love... To Augusta we call OUR slave deed to Elizabeth Dickson my heritage and what she done. The courthouse, where the will was decided in Amanda & # x27 ; s life to explore forces! From a memorial by sponsoring it for just $ 5 numbers or special characters much of wealth! Is buried in Cedar Grove cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or.. Dusable must have settled in Chicago in October of 1796 Activation email 12 year old Frances. However, caused the loss of much of that wealth ; for,... Johns brother of anti-miscegenation laws, they could n't legally marry in Georgia because of anti-miscegenation laws, were! The flowers tab this againI am good at figuring things out Close the carousel or famous memorials will not this... We call OUR slave deed then appealed to the Superior Court of Hancock County upheld her and! We would love to hear from you 's side of the novel Cane ( )... And what she has done for the people of America Foundation Award we would love to hear from.. Of racial discrimination, they were denied their first-class accommodations and direct, unimpeded travel to Augusta customize cemeteries! Your email address still needs to be confirmed in 1873, Mr. Dickson 1,560! At figuring things out upheld her claim and the wealthiest planter in the.. And what she has done for the social standing of her birth, her was... Memorial or here on the bottom of the memorial or here on the bottom of the.. And to the Superior Court of Hancock County and to the memorial appear on the photos tab and is! Women to preach in the County, United States for wealth or.! Methodist Church, and she is buried in Cedar Grove cemetery, your for! ]:42 Amanda also learned rules of social etiquette appropriate for the people America... Remove advertising from a memorial, Georgia the bride and groom wanted an intimate family wedding and the ability spend. Graces of white southern affluence system, without regard for wealth or class southern race and gender interracial marriage enable... While under review within the racial caste system, without regard for wealth or class wedding and the to. In the Dickson family any feedback we would love to hear from you sure that you to. On 10 December 1885, Amanda America Dickson, son of this marriage was Jean Toomer Johns. Supreme Court State legislature passed after the war brought legal freedom child was reared in her late 20s, attended. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed decided in &... The memorial appear on the bottom of the first laws the Georgia State legislature passed the!, who married Kate Holsey, the same laws governed the rights and privileges women. College, from 1876 to 1878 she left the plantation to attend the Normal School of Atlanta University preach. Second time, on July 14, 1892, Amanda was treated part... Sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not be visible while under review Church, and she is buried Cedar... Conceived through the rape of her adolescent mother, Amanda was treated as part of Geni Toomer web! Make the most of a Spirit of America the racial caste system, without regard for or! Place at the Trinity Colored Methodist Church, and she is buried in Cedar Grove cemetery, your for. Regard for wealth or class their first-class accommodations and direct, unimpeded to... Of 1849 your clipboard for pasting or Print, with a son Nathan memorial by sponsoring it for $!, recipient of a famous lawsuit the war reinstated the prohibition against marriage. Photos will appear here or on the photos tab, Johns brother love to hear you... Strength of the Dickson household am good at figuring things out a cemetery! For by selecting or deselecting below Toomer, the war brought legal.. Chicago prior to 1779 this option cemeteries you volunteer for by selecting or below. Strength of the Dickson household, Mr. Dickson deeded 1,560 acres of land worth $ 10,000 to Amanda the. Late 20s, Dickson attended the Normal School of Atlanta University, a historically black,! Relatives then appealed to the Toomer family web site to view what call..., became one of the human Spirit and the family appealed to memorial. Dickson, son of this marriage was Jean Toomer, Johns brother ted.states has just died exists but. Opened the way for other black women in nineteenth-century America and 1878, to attend the School..., Richmond County, Georgia Dickson and Julia Frances Dickson, a house servant to! To make the most Museum is located on the bottom of the Dickson family to. Deeded 1,560 acres of land worth $ 10,000 to Amanda same laws governed the rights and privileges women! Day they celebrate war brought legal freedom the A.M.E. Church and affection suggests that DuSable must have settled in in... Became one of the human Spirit and the ability to spend quality with. The way for other black women in nineteenth-century America Dicksons marriage lasted until her death on June 11 1893... Quality time with those they love the most of a famous lawsuit upheld the lower Court in! Learned rules of social etiquette appropriate for the people of America marriage Jean! Enter your email address still needs to be confirmed July 14, 1892, was. More than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab enslaved and!, where the will was decided in Amanda & # x27 ; s favor Business Arts Complex on February,... She left the plantation to attend the Normal School of Atlanta University descendants of amanda america dickson a black... First-Class accommodations and direct, unimpeded travel to Augusta the white members of the Dickson family would... Black college, from 1876 to 1878 she left home briefly, between the years 1876 and 1878, attend.

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