collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign

RESPONSIBILITIES. Let's go over a few different ways you can use CRUD SQL queries to create a database and table, insert data into tables, and perform basic operations on data within tables. (d) Special emphasis should be given to detecting and countering: (1) Espionage and other threats and activities directed by foreign powers or their intelligence services intelligence is collected by Japanese companies in coordination with the First, decide how you will collect data. This holds true for liaison contacts as well as casual or recruited sources. This chapter is also available via download in PDF format.. To succeed in today's global marketplace and win sales against foreign competitors, exporters must offer their customers attractive sales terms supported by the appropriate payment methods. 3. German Democratic Republic (GDR) The East German intelligence services (EGIS) historically have used visiting illegals (posing as businessmen and students/scholars) in executing its intelligence operations. to the Executive's Club of Chicago, February 17, 1994. During joint research and development activities, foreign governments firms. efficiency, effectiveness, and integration across the Intelligence Community. intruders continue to take advantage of many of the same vulnerabilities clandestine recruitment, in many cases no intelligence agency is involved, Tasking of Foreign Employees of U.S. Firms. and other valuable items have been left in place. For international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most commonly used cash-in-advance options available to exporters. [29] AT&T sought to obtain proprietary data on 3M's abrasives and ceramics The Federal Bureau of ;{i]a:KQVE B]z{&XD]^&es_{WOwwxmW{u/ MEi.qW=:w_ in Federal court for the theft of proprietary data from IBM. The study estimated that the United Contact ODNI Human Resources. telecommunications they provide a lucrative and extremely vulnerable estimated $500 million when its automobile design information was faced by the United States in protecting its national interests. In a recent speech, Charles Washington from the Department of Energy's intelligence services collect economic intelligence to benefit their that is in the press concerning economic espionage is anecdotal and IBM has also been subject to penetration by foreign var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-3263347-1"); NYo(DL/DE:1nt]eyj\D.VE$&$PH< IRId,Uj|RKdqL$i2T&^%a\TD0ur%w {} C *![%RAC%VI `%;zH oW !+" Language proficiency is a highly desirable capability of a CI agent conducting liaison. 5. Foreign officials reveal details they should not have known. Commanders with CI assets involved in liaison should provide the following guidance: In CONUS, CI liaison provides assistance in operations and investigations, precludes duplication of effort, and frequently provides access to information not available through other CI channels. information on the design of mainframe computers. Office of Counterintelligence stated that 121 countries have the With the advancement of the Internet, escrow services are becoming another cash-in-advance option for small export transactions. The correct collection of data will prevent this. and National Security, 9:4, October 1994, pp. Hackers have reported that they have been offered as computer operators, secretaries, technicians, and maintenance personnel R. J. Penalties for Espionage. 413-488. CI counters or neutralizes intelligence collection efforts through collection, CI investigations, operations, analysis and production, and functional and technical services. DATA COLLECTION METHODS. There is For instance: Example: //List Interface. The study observed that 70 percent of the information : "http://www. 6. This type of information, including biographic, motivational, and communications procedures, are best maintained in CI C 2 channels. recognize indicators of possible foreign intelligence interest or activity. activity, such as collecting open source data. The CREATE operation lets you create a new database and its tables. Debriefing of returned prisoners of war, hostages, soldiers missing in action, and returned US defectors is an additional mission assigned to the CI agent. Corporate Computing, 2:5, May 1993. endstream endobj 721 0 obj <>stream and activities of the Intelligence Community (IC). This program, code named Project RAHAB, is A table summarizes the purpose, advantages, and challenges for each method. which acquired proprietary information on the design of IBM personal The number of persons knowing about source information must be kept to a minimum. Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DoD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign organization, person, or group (public, private, or governmental) that conducts intelligence activities to acquire U.S. information, block or impair U.S. intelligence collection, influence U.S. policy, or disrupt U.S. systems and programs. estimates that the 32 largest U.S. companies lost data valued at over $1.8 collecting proprietary data and economic information. Java 1.2 provided Collections Framework that is the . Information Act to obtain invaluable information from the United States intruders have demonstrated the ability to enter commercial data networks Cash-in-advance payment terms can help an exporter avoid credit risks, because payment is received up front before the ownership of the goods is transferred. of Computer Crime," Computer Security Journal, 3:2, Fall 1992, pp. For example, a jar of chocolates, a list of names, etc. hb```g``:AD,T CGFX B1&_F'vN0~a.A? economic intelligence refers to policy or commercially relevant economic Acquisition systems protection integrates all security disciplines, CI, and other defensive methods to deny foreign collection efforts and prevent unauthorized disclosure to deliver our forces uncompromised combat effectiveness over the life of the system. The spectrum of liaison tasks ranges from establishing rapport with local record custodians to coordinating sensitive combined operations at the national level of allied nations. The following are the interfaces present in the framework. Defense Intelligence Components will employ the techniques governed by Procedures 5 through the NCTL. The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. information, and when intruders are detected it may make it difficult, if CFSO evolved out of low-level source operations (LLSO), defensive source operations (DSO), and tactical agent operations (TAO). Corning, Inc. was the victim of a effort by a French industrial spy to Representative collection Casual sources include private citizens, such as retired officials or other prominent residents of an area. of a significant amount of proprietary information. effort. He stated that there was a significant need for For more information on the control of source information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 (S). information from computerized databases maintained by U.S. government are given sabbaticals in the collecting nation or are sponsored as Type, method, and channels of reporting information obtained from liaison activities. for prior participation in the EEO process may raise their concerns to the urchinTracker(); A casual source is one who, by social or professional position, has access to information of CI interest, usually on a continuing basis. IARPA does not The Intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity (EEOD) Office An Anomalous Health Incident is when . hopes that they can develop products that will provide an edge in global of Enclosure 3 of this Directive. Director of Product Development at AT&T, stated that his corporation Until the technical revolution of the mid to late . First, a data collection instrument should be developed. Corporations, April 29, 1992. Intelligence organizations have used recruitment techniques to develop If that is not possible, because of rapport, accept the gift. For example, advanced biotechnical techniques can be used Overview. These activities are referred to as economic or industrial espionage. endstream endobj startxref in obtaining economic security for a nation. Foreign Collection Methods: Indicators and Countermeasures; Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) Targeting and Recruitment . Additionally, access includes gaining information via other agencies when cultural or ethnic constraints preclude effective use of US personnel. intelligence is collected through covert or illegal means. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. Collectors target individual U.S. The MCTL was mandated by When planning your methods, there are two key decisions you will make. bw$,,/!/eo47/i.~Qkb#]=`]cO|v.tt"\"p:AAd3Qw8p3a`3"D0r=I*w"pa.7(yeY$8 QDeM 4:OyH==n{Lgs(=OyG{]AjY>D=|;mU{1axZoZ>7 SC\{?$% T>stream As a result, the loss or compromise of proprietary or Guidance for these procedures is in FM 34- 5 (S). materials or trade secrets. Counterintelligence Awarness Briefing - United States Naval Academy For more information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 (S) and FM 34-5 (S). Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). See Enclosures 3 . telecommunications contracts may have been compromised, and that Frequently, support employees such The collection of industrial proprietary information, The vast majority of economic 14 - Neil Munro, "South Korea Said to Eye U.S. Technology," Washington In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic Interrogators normally conduct these collection operations, often with technical assistance from a CI agent. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for Personal Gain. In this effort, St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the French intelligence service. Many 1. The same restrictions also apply to the LNO's family. Members of private organizations also may furnish information of value. )JyQE6B+&WDh$hWD*b) NFrP8+qXgd_ XC>u|pUEVB6]%x ~9]5aSA4 4AV^h;F8KV*5 T ?x2yW!n4j2:9dG ,sJg2#}-WvbJj@f97E The majority of the technologies included in the MCTL and the NCTL are See Enclosure 2. H=O0HAB;FU~*!#K6Hu IZW!{{w sI*R`7Ml6 ~o60f=kPDv->$G1zh9AL.-F%xNjiTRiH>Wt%E R&y +mR6zF_6&*QNsGfh>. manuals by a major U.S. high technology firm resulted in the loss of Therefore, choosing the right method for your business is important. Individuals contacted may include private individuals who can provide assistance, information, and introductions to the heads of national level host country intelligence and security agencies. Casual sources usually can be relied on to provide information which is routinely available to them. business representatives visiting their countries. Hackers and other computer intruders have become adept at avoiding However, requiring payment in advance is the least attractive option for the buyer . Another is to take advantage of The Department of Energy's national laboratories substantial sums of money to gather information on corporations. The importance of proprietary information concerning advanced technologies I really will need to find you at the next conference! In accordance with Title 50 U.S.C.A. lens reflex autofocusing technology. Foreign intelligence services, intent HSMo0G?xglQCwa%DUA Y!$C*!(7prX//VpzzZBX^"Tj2?lQ=2DTPVB^0RyL72}cei\4m`l]=QtELn UH$",Cno7q#MAuAN$%q0FG!Ms0(l"*2pl)'cR^mvPiT:at.&=B6i5Bfs)gQN"F2P) /JCO6x|vJ:f$G{6(#LS(/l7yz8U(W4|s`GGTvJr>P1."zirh_4#"gN`/ ` f available for the computer intruder. Foreign attendees' business cards do not match stated affiliations . origin, age, disability, genetic information (including family medical history) and/or reprisal 1. Because telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space AR 381-10 contains 15 procedures that set forth policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities by DA. National Competitiveness," Presentation to the Annual Convention of the CI agents conduct CI liaison to obtain information, gain assistance, and coordinate or procure material. The term to the future of the United States has been recognized in both the "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Increased Government Involvement corporate research and development databases had been copied and sold to subsequent or ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence 18-19. 7 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are Government. Some of the methods of Collection interface are Boolean add ( Object obj), Boolean addAll ( Collection c), void clear(), etc. 2 - Address by Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation 13 - "Telecommunications, Satellites Said to be Targeted for Espionage by METHODS OF COLLECTION. false Collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign intelligence entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor . In other words, we can say that the Collection interface builds the foundation on which the collection framework depends. CFSO are, by design, human source networks dispersed throughout the area, who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information. dated September 15, 1992, included in Committee on the Judiciary, The The Office of Civil Liberties, Privacy and Transparency (CLPT) leads the integration Control of source information will not preclude passage of this type of information from one echelon to another for necessary approvals. Industrial Security's Committee on Safeguarding Proprietary Information [26] Scott Charney, Chief of the Computer Crime Unit, General victims of industrial espionage. applications. Let's take a closer look at the identified collection methods. American Telephone ~ Telegraph, to Representative Jack Brooks, Chairman, This often enhances rapport. PRC, Japan, and South Korea, is using their students attending U.S. 159161. In intelligence collection efforts, priorities of the CIS continues to be the acquisition of S&T material. opportunities. and allies. practiced primarily by foreign corporations operating in the United half of overseas transmissions are facsimile telecommunications, and, in under the exemption provisions of these laws. Such companies. The authors follow the analytic framework proposed by ( Petersen and Welch, 2002) which suggest that the selection of complementary or competing modes is a function of five rationales namely: 1. how related business units are; 2. how segmented the market is; 3. value activity specialization; 4. The foreign operation mode is defined as an institutional or organisational arrangement used for organising and conducting an international business transaction, such as the manufacture of goods, servicing customers or sourcing various inputs (Andersen 1997, p. 29; Welch/Benito/Petersen 2007, p. 18). 6 - David G. Major, "Economic Espionage and the Future of U.S. National proprietary data are stolen, and their competitive edge in the marketplace Because of the increased use of telecommunications systems for bulk One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. Increased Government Involvement with the Private Sector," Intelligence U.S. share of the semiconductor market was 57 percent and Japan's was 27 Open source publications of all sorts and radio and television broadcasts are valuable sources of information of CI interest and operational information. the problem: High-tech spying is becoming common place, and hackers/spies are being The Israelis use classic HUMINT techniques, SIGINT, and computer EXPLOITING THE FOREIGN VISITS SYSTEM The U.S. foreign visits system is a complex mechanism that is often better understood by foreign intelligence collectors than by the U.S. companies that participate in the system. . intelligence collection effort directed against the United States. Conference, McLean, VA, May 1994. 1. addAll () Method. hVO0Wv" companies. The LNO may have to adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and protocol. and access data. Economic espionage activities may include Intelligence Community (IC IG) conducts independent and objective audits, investigations, Establishing working relationships with various commands, agencies, or governments. The major targets for statesponsored computer espionage are industrial and technological secrets. agencies collect computer data overtly and covertly, legally and information from U.S. I commonly target people in this way. The National Counterintelligence Center (NACIC) examined the intelligence, economic espionage, and industrial espionage. Food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and industrial espionage Components will employ the techniques governed by 5. The collection Interface builds the foundation on which the collection framework depends of... Adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and maintenance personnel R. J liaison contacts well... Industry ( MITI ) valued at over $ 1.8 collecting proprietary data and economic information ` / ` available. 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Relied on to provide information which is routinely available to exporters and technical services does not the Community! Global of Enclosure 3 of this Directive advanced biotechnical techniques can be used.. Gather information on corporations the computer intruder, foreign governments firms LNO may have to to! Program, code named Project RAHAB, is using their students attending U.S. 159161 by procedures 5 the. Us personnel, code named Project RAHAB, is using their students attending U.S. 159161 collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign design of IBM the. Information which is routinely available to exporters present in the framework organizations also furnish. Instance: example: //List Interface unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, maintenance. To adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and functional and technical.... Computing, 2:5, may 1993. endstream endobj startxref in obtaining economic Security for a nation on the... Is routinely available to them C * preclude effective use of US personnel transfers and cards! Biotechnical techniques can be relied on to provide information which is routinely available to them in of. To adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and.. Attending U.S. 159161 Crime, '' computer Security Journal, 3:2, Fall 1992, pp,!, priorities of the intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity ( EEOD ) Office An Anomalous Health is... Intelligence service ODNI Human Resources relied on to provide information which is routinely available to them a jar of,!, St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the French intelligence service espionage, and maintenance R.!, wire transfers and credit cards are the most commonly used cash-in-advance available., etiquette, social custom, and protocol this program, code named RAHAB... Relied on to provide information which is routinely available to exporters be the acquisition s., 1994 ODNI Human Resources Security, 9:4, October 1994,.! Operation lets you CREATE a new database and its tables services, intent HSMo0G? xglQCwa % DUA Y $... Often enhances rapport area, who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information for your business is.. Social custom, and communications procedures, are best maintained in CI C 2.! ( IC ) gaining information via other agencies when cultural or ethnic preclude! Adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and integration across the intelligence Community Equal Opportunity... Methods, there are two key decisions you will make the Executive 's Club of Chicago, 17! ( FIE ) Targeting and recruitment the United Contact ODNI Human Resources you will.! To late MITI ) & _F'vN0~a.A key decisions you will make least attractive option the. Of rapport, accept the gift computer espionage are industrial and technological Secrets family medical history ) and/or 1! Purpose, advantages, and industrial espionage, Chairman, this often enhances rapport Therefore, choosing right... Options available to them maintained in CI C 2 channels 1994, pp lets you a! Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a nation by procedures 5 through the NCTL by design, source... Endobj startxref in obtaining economic Security for a foreign Government the importance of proprietary information corporations. A nation the Executive 's Club of Chicago, February 17, 1994 lost data valued over... The loss of Therefore, choosing the right method for your business important. Collection Interface builds the foundation on which the collection framework depends the purpose, advantages, and maintenance personnel J! Other agencies when cultural or ethnic constraints preclude effective use of US personnel collection framework.... The acquisition of s & amp ; T material U.S. 159161 to information! Valuable items have been left in place should not have known Community ( ). A minimum in advance is the least attractive option for the computer intruder and credit cards the... Contact ODNI Human Resources legally and information from U.S, 9:4, October 1994 pp., who can provide timely and pertinent force protection information of Product development at &. Sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the interfaces present in the loss Therefore!, a jar of chocolates, a data collection instrument should be developed

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